FUW TRENDS IN SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(A Peer Review Journal)
e–ISSN: 2408–5162; p–ISSN: 2048–5170
keywords: Prevalence, Smear positive, pulmonary tuberculosis, Risk factors, Anambra State
Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a major public health problem in Nigeria. The prevalence of PTB and its associated risk factors among presumptive TB cases in Anambra State were studied. A total of 1487 individuals with presumptive pulmonary TB participated in the study. Participant’s age ranged from 15 years and above. Two sputum specimens were submitted on-the-spot (S-S) within an hour interval. The sputum smears were stained using the Ziehl-Neelsen technique. Pretested questionnaire was employed to identify risk factors associated with pulmonary tuberculosis infection. The prevalence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 12.3%. Males in the age bracket of 25 – 34 years had the highest prevalence of smear positive PTB. The major risk factors associated with PTB in Nnewi and Onitsha were HIV infection, immunosuppressive therapy, alcohol intake and cigarette smoking. No PTB patient was registered with organ transplant or renal failure as a risk for PTB. Our findings demonstrate that the prevalence of smear positive PTB was high in Anambra State. We therefore suggest intensified case finding and health education of the populace in order to reduceassociated risk factors.
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